Impact of socio environmental problems on human health and well-being in communities near the Cofán Bermejo Reserve

Abstract

The analysis focused on how socio-environmental factors affect the decline in the three-toed sloth (Bradypus variegatus) population in the Cofán Bermejo Ecological Reserve, located in the Cascales canton, Sucumbíos province, during the years 2025 to 2026. The purpose was to study the connection between human activities and the conservation of this species in an Amazonian environment. A mixed-methods approach, both descriptive and cross-sectional, was used, combining quantitative analysis from surveys conducted with 32 residents of the area, along with qualitative analysis through a semi-structured interview with a park ranger and direct observations in the field. The findings showed a notable perception of deforestation, the growth of agriculture, illegal logging, and extractive activities as the main threats to the ecosystem, linked to the fragmentation of arboreal habitat and the reduction of suitable spaces for the species. In addition, a community agreement on the decline in the number of sightings of the sloth was corroborated. It was concluded that the observed reduction in the population of Bradypus variegatus was related to the gradual deterioration of its habitat and to local socioeconomic factors, thus highlighting the urgency of carrying out comprehensive conservation strategies based on ecological monitoring, environmental education and institutional strengthening.